Howard, Henry, Earl Of Surrey
- Howard, Henry, Earl Of Surrey
(?1517-1547)
He took the title of Earl of Surrey in 1524 when his father, Thomas Howard, succeeded as 3rd Duke of Norfolk. He studied classical and modern literature and showed promise as a poet, and he could translate Latin, Italian, and Spanish with ease. He spent much of his young years at Windsor Castle as companion to Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond, Henry VIII's natural son. He accompanied Henry VIII to France, was knighted in 1541, and served in Scotland, France, and Flanders. In 1546, he was condemned and beheaded on Tower Hill on the trumped-up charge of treasonably quartering the royal arms and advising his sister to become the king's mistress. He translated books 2 and 4 of Virgil's Aeneid in blank verse, and translated many of the Psalms and other books of the Bible. His sonnet form was later used by Shakespeare. Forty of his poems were published by Richard Tottell in Miscellany (1557). Some of his poems: "A Complaint by Night," "Complaint of a Lover Rebuked," "Reflections from the Tower," "Prison in Windsor Castle," "The Frailty and Hurtfulness of Beauty," "The Golden Mean."
Sources: Chapters into Verse. Vol. I: Genesis to Malachi. Robert Atwan and Laurance Wieder, eds. Oxford University Press, 1993. Dictionary of National Biography. Electronic Edition 1.1. Oxford University Press, 1997. Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite DVD, 2006. English Poetry: Author Search. Chadwyck-Healey Ltd., 1995 (http://www.lib.utexas.edu:8080/search/epoetry/author.html). The Genealogy Tree, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (http://www.thegenealogytree.com/photo-gallery/henryhoward-earl-of-surrey.htm). The National Portrait Gallery (www.npg.org.uk). Poems-Fourth Edition: The Wadsworth Handbook and Anthology. C.F. Main and Peter J. Seng, ed. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1978. Silver Poets of the Sixteenth Century. Gerald Bullett, ed. J.M. Dent, 1947. The Columbia Granger's Index to Poetry. 11th ed. The Columbia Granger's World of Poetry, Columbia University Press, 2005 (http://www.columbiagrangers.org). The New Penguin Book of English Verse. Paul Keegan, ed. Penguin Books, 2000. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 6th edition. Margaret Drabble, ed. Oxford University Press, 2000.
British and Irish poets. A biographical dictionary.
William Stewart.
2015.
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